Where was the earliest kind of print technology developed?
a) Europe
b) Middle East
c) East Asia (China, Japan, and Korea)
d) South America
Answer: c) East Asia (China, Japan, and Korea)

What was the earliest form of printing in China?
a) Mechanical printing
b) Hand printing using woodblocks
c) Movable type printing
d) Printing using metal plates
Answer: b) Hand printing using woodblocks

Which book is considered the oldest Japanese printed book?
a) The Tale of Genji
b) Diamond Sutra
c) Tripitaka Koreana
d) The Jikji
Answer: b) Diamond Sutra

Who invented the first known printing press?
a) Marco Polo
b) Johann Gutenberg
c) Richard Hoe
d) Kitagawa Utamaro
Answer: b) Johann Gutenberg

What inspired Johann Gutenberg’s printing press design?
a) The olive press
b) The water wheel
c) The loom
d) The millstone
Answer: a) The olive press

What was the first book printed by Gutenberg?
a) Diamond Sutra
b) The Jikji
c) The Bible
d) The New Testament
Answer: c) The Bible

What led to the increased demand for books in Europe during the 15th century?
a) Decline of literacy rates
b) Development of woodblock printing
c) Growth of university towns and merchant classes
d) Decrease in the price of vellum manuscripts
Answer: c) Growth of university towns and merchant classes

How did print revolutionize book production?
a) Books could be mass-produced faster and cheaper
b) Only religious books could be published
c) Printing was accessible only to the elite
d) Illustrations became unnecessary
Answer: a) Books could be mass-produced faster and cheaper

What was Martin Luther’s role in the print revolution?
a) He invented the movable type printing
b) He criticized the Catholic Church using printed works
c) He banned the use of print in religious debates
d) He wrote the Diamond Sutra
Answer: b) He criticized the Catholic Church using printed works

What was a significant impact of the Protestant Reformation on print?
a) Print was banned across Europe
b) It increased the production of religious texts
c) It discouraged literacy
d) Printing presses were confiscated by the state
Answer: b) It increased the production of religious texts

How did the Roman Catholic Church respond to the printing revolution?
a) It embraced print culture entirely
b) It created an Index of Prohibited Books
c) It ignored print developments
d) It banned the printing press in Europe
Answer: b) It created an Index of Prohibited Books

What were penny chapbooks in England?
a) Expensive novels for the elite
b) Cheap books for the common people
c) Scientific journals
d) Almanacs for merchants
Answer: b) Cheap books for the common people

What was the “Bibliothèque Bleue” in France?
a) A collection of ancient manuscripts
b) Low-cost books for rural readers
c) A set of encyclopedias
d) Textbooks for university students
Answer: b) Low-cost books for rural readers

Which country developed the power-driven cylindrical press in the 19th century?
a) England
b) Germany
c) United States
d) Japan
Answer: c) United States

How did print culture contribute to the French Revolution?
a) By popularizing Enlightenment ideas
b) By banning revolutionary ideas
c) By increasing monarchist propaganda
d) By spreading literacy among aristocrats only
Answer: a) By popularizing Enlightenment ideas

What was the first Tamil book printed in India?
a) A Christian catechism
b) The Diamond Sutra
c) Ramcharitmanas
d) Rigveda
Answer: a) A Christian catechism

What was the purpose of the Vernacular Press Act of 1878 in India?
a) To promote local newspapers
b) To suppress the nationalist press
c) To provide government subsidies to publishers
d) To encourage literacy among Indians
Answer: b) To suppress the nationalist press

Who edited and published the “Bengal Gazette” in 1780?
a) Gangadhar Bhattacharya
b) James Augustus Hickey
c) Rammohun Roy
d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer: b) James Augustus Hickey

Who was responsible for the first printed edition of “Ramcharitmanas”?
a) Naval Kishore Press
b) Shri Venkateshwar Press
c) Rammohun Roy
d) Gangadhar Bhattacharya
Answer: a) Naval Kishore Press

Which autobiography by a Bengali woman is considered the first of its kind?
a) Amar Jiban by Rashsundari Debi
b) A Room of One’s Own by Virginia Woolf
c) The Story of My Experiments with Truth by Gandhi
d) Gitanjali by Rabindranath Tagore
Answer: a) Amar Jiban by Rashsundari Debi

When was the first Malayalam book printed?
a) 1579
b) 1674
c) 1713
d) 1780
Answer: c) 1713

Who founded the Deoband Seminary in 1867?
a) Jyotiba Phule
b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
c) Muslim reformers
d) Rammohun Roy
Answer: c) Muslim reformers

What was the main goal of the Deoband Seminary?
a) To modernize Indian education
b) To promote Islamic teachings and doctrines
c) To print secular literature
d) To support the nationalist movement
Answer: b) To promote Islamic teachings and doctrines

What was the content of Jyotiba Phule’s “Gulamgiri”?
a) Stories of social reformers
b) Criticism of the caste system
c) Biographies of historical figures
d) Religious doctrines
Answer: b) Criticism of the caste system

Who introduced lithographic presses in India?
a) Portuguese missionaries
b) Dutch traders
c) Muslim scholars
d) The British
Answer: a) Portuguese missionaries

What was the focus of Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossein’s writings?
a) Modern education for men
b) Women’s education and empowerment
c) Religious orthodoxy
d) Agricultural reforms
Answer: b) Women’s education and empowerment

What did Rammohun Roy publish in 1821?
a) Bengal Gazette
b) Amar Jiban
c) Sambad Kaumudi
d) Istri Dharm Vichar
Answer: c) Sambad Kaumudi

What was the significance of the Naval Kishore Press?
a) Promoting British policies
b) Printing affordable religious texts
c) Suppressing nationalist ideas
d) Publishing children’s literature
Answer: b) Printing affordable religious texts

Which act was passed in 1878 to control the vernacular press in India?
a) Vernacular Press Act
b) Indian Press Act
c) Sedition Act
d) Press Censorship Act
Answer: a) Vernacular Press Act

Who printed “Kesari” and supported nationalist movements?
a) Rammohun Roy
b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
c) Jyotiba Phule
d) Gandhi
Answer: b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak

What was the first book printed in Tamil by Catholic priests?
a) Ramayana
b) Bible
c) Thirukkural
d) Christian Catechism
Answer: d) Christian Catechism

What was the earliest kind of printed book in China?
a) Buddhist Diamond Sutra
b) Tripitaka Koreana
c) The Jikji
d) Vedas
Answer: a) Buddhist Diamond Sutra

Who brought movable type printing to Europe?
a) Marco Polo
b) Johann Gutenberg
c) Richard Hoe
d) Voltaire
Answer: b) Johann Gutenberg

What inspired the “print revolution” in Europe?
a) Mass production of handmade manuscripts
b) Development of woodblock printing
c) Spread of Chinese printing techniques
d) Introduction of moveable type presses
Answer: d) Introduction of moveable type presses

What were “chapbooks” in England?
a) Scholarly journals
b) Small, affordable pocket-size books
c) Religious manuscripts
d) Encyclopedias
Answer: b) Small, affordable pocket-size books

Why were books significant during the Enlightenment period?
a) They spread ideas of reason and progress
b) They only documented religious rituals
c) They were restricted to monarchs
d) They promoted war propaganda
Answer: a) They spread ideas of reason and progress

Which press published mythological paintings for mass circulation?
a) Shri Venkateshwar Press
b) Ravi Varma Press
c) Naval Kishore Press
d) Bombay Samachar
Answer: b) Ravi Varma Press

Who authored “Amar Jiban,” the first full-length autobiography by a Bengali woman?
a) Begum Rokeya
b) Rashsundari Debi
c) Tarabai Shinde
d) Pandita Ramabai
Answer: b) Rashsundari Debi

What was the content focus of the Penny Magazine?
a) Politics and war
b) Useful knowledge for working-class readers
c) Fictional stories
d) Religious sermons
Answer: b) Useful knowledge for working-class readers

What did women’s magazines in 19th-century India promote?
a) Male literacy only
b) Education and social reforms for women
c) Agricultural innovations
d) Technological developments
Answer: b) Education and social reforms for women

What did the “Ghor Kali” woodcut depict?
a) The industrial revolution
b) The end of traditional family roles
c) Nationalist struggles
d) Rural agricultural practices
Answer: b) The end of traditional family roles

Why did religious reformers use print?
a) To spread religious doctrines
b) To counter colonial policies
c) To promote industrial growth
d) To criticize science
Answer: a) To spread religious doctrines

What was the focus of the book “Istri Dharm Vichar”?
a) Scientific discoveries
b) Proper behavior for women
c) Political debates
d) Religious texts
Answer: b) Proper behavior for women

How did cheap lithographs impact society?
a) Restricted access to visual culture
b) Increased the reach of religious and political ideas
c) Only catered to elite audiences
d) Led to a decline in literacy
Answer: b) Increased the reach of religious and political ideas

What was the role of Kashibaba in print culture?
a) He supported nationalist newspapers
b) He wrote about class and caste exploitation
c) He promoted British education policies
d) He encouraged social conformity
Answer: b) He wrote about class and caste exploitation

What innovation did Richard Hoe contribute to printing?
a) Moveable type
b) Cylindrical press
c) Offset press
d) Woodblock printing
Answer: b) Cylindrical press

Which law in 1919 further restricted Indian newspapers?
a) Defence of India Act
b) Sedition Committee Report
c) Vernacular Press Act
d) Newspapers Regulation Act
Answer: b) Sedition Committee Report

How did public libraries contribute to literacy?
a) By serving as research centers only
b) By providing free books to the elite
c) By increasing access to books for all classes
d) By distributing colonial propaganda
Answer: c) By increasing access to books for all classes

Which revolutionary leader wrote about caste injustices in the 20th century?
a) Periyar
b) Gandhi
c) Rammohun Roy
d) Tilak
Answer: a) Periyar

What did Gandhi say about the liberty of the press?
a) It was unnecessary
b) It was crucial for Swaraj
c) It needed to be censored
d) It was meant only for religious purposes
Answer: b) It was crucial for Swaraj

When did the Portuguese missionaries bring the printing press to India?
a) 1545
b) 1556
c) 1600
d) 1620
Answer: b) 1556

Which was the first Tamil book printed in India?
a) Bible
b) Christian Catechism
c) Ramayana
d) Bhagavad Gita
Answer: b) Christian Catechism

What was the main focus of the Bengal Gazette, edited by James Augustus Hickey?
a) Colonial propaganda
b) Political satire and commercial news
c) Social reforms
d) Scientific research
Answer: b) Political satire and commercial news

What caused the popularity of Battala publications in Bengal?
a) Printing religious and scandalous literature cheaply
b) Promoting scientific advancements
c) Publishing only government-approved texts
d) Educating the elite population
Answer: a) Printing religious and scandalous literature cheaply

Who introduced cheap lithographic editions of religious texts in India?
a) Naval Kishore Press
b) Portuguese missionaries
c) Rammohun Roy
d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer: a) Naval Kishore Press

What was a significant outcome of printing presses in 19th-century India?
a) Decline in literacy rates
b) Spread of social reform movements
c) Focus on agricultural literature
d) Control of all content by the colonial government
Answer: b) Spread of social reform movements

What was the role of Raja Ravi Varma in print culture?
a) He introduced movable type presses
b) He popularized mythological paintings through prints
c) He focused on industrial machinery
d) He wrote religious texts
Answer: b) He popularized mythological paintings through prints

Why did conservative groups oppose women’s literacy?
a) They feared it would lead to rebellion
b) They thought women would become widows if educated
c) It was seen as unnecessary for household roles
d) They believed it was against religion
Answer: b) They thought women would become widows if educated

Which newspaper in India criticized colonial rule and supported nationalism?
a) Bengal Gazette
b) Kesari
c) Bombay Samachar
d) Hindu Patriot
Answer: b) Kesari

What innovation by Richard Hoe in the 19th century revolutionized printing?
a) Moveable type press
b) Cylindrical press
c) Offset printing
d) Color lithography
Answer: b) Cylindrical press

How did printing contribute to nationalism in India?
a) By promoting colonial propaganda
b) By spreading awareness through newspapers and tracts
c) By producing religious texts only
d) By banning dissenting opinions
Answer: b) By spreading awareness through newspapers and tracts

What was the main objective of the Vernacular Press Act of 1878?
a) Promote regional newspapers
b) Suppress anti-colonial nationalist writings
c) Encourage technological advancements
d) Support British loyalist editors
Answer: b) Suppress anti-colonial nationalist writings

Who wrote “Gulamgiri” criticizing caste discrimination?
a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
b) Jyotiba Phule
c) Rammohun Roy
d) E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker
Answer: b) Jyotiba Phule

Which press played a key role in publishing serialized novels in the 1920s?
a) Ravi Varma Press
b) Naval Kishore Press
c) Shri Venkateshwar Press
d) European presses
Answer: c) Shri Venkateshwar Press

How did the offset press improve printing?
a) Increased printing speed and added color options
b) Reduced printing costs by 90%
c) Made hand-printed books obsolete
d) Focused only on black-and-white prints
Answer: a) Increased printing speed and added color options

Why were caricatures and cartoons popular in 19th-century print culture?
a) They supported colonial propaganda
b) They criticized social and political issues
c) They focused on educational content
d) They promoted scientific advancements
Answer: b) They criticized social and political issues

What was Gandhi’s view of the press in India?
a) It was a tool for promoting religion
b) It was essential for freedom and Swaraj
c) It should only focus on government policies
d) It needed to remain neutral
Answer: b) It was essential for freedom and Swaraj

What was a common theme in women’s magazines during the 19th century?
a) Scientific experiments
b) Proper household management
c) Advanced printing technology
d) Anti-colonial movements
Answer: b) Proper household management

How did religious reformers use print to shape debates?
a) By spreading scientific discoveries
b) By publishing tracts in vernacular languages
c) By opposing all forms of education
d) By aligning with British colonial policies
Answer: b) By publishing tracts in vernacular languages

What was a key concern of colonial authorities regarding the press?
a) Decline in British loyalty
b) Rise of nationalist sentiments through newspapers
c) Lack of readership among Indians
d) Competition from foreign publishers
Answer: b) Rise of nationalist sentiments through newspapers

Who wrote “Amar Jiban,” the first autobiography by an Indian woman?
a) Rashsundari Debi
b) Tarabai Shinde
c) Pandita Ramabai
d) Begum Rokeya
Answer: a) Rashsundari Debi

What was the significance of “Biliotheque Bleue”?
a) It was a library for scholars
b) It was a collection of affordable books in France
c) It was a tool for printing religious texts
d) It was a school library system
Answer: b) It was a collection of affordable books in France

What did the 19th-century print culture in India encourage?
a) Unity among communities through debates
b) Only religious reforms
c) Exclusive focus on government propaganda
d) Restricted access to reading materials
Answer: a) Unity among communities through debates

Why were serialized novels published in the 20th century?
a) To make books affordable
b) To cater to elite readers only
c) To promote British loyalty
d) To discourage nationalism
Answer: a) To make books affordable

What was the first Marathi newspaper published in India?
a) Bombay Samachar
b) Kesari
c) Darpan
d) Hindu Patriot
Answer: c) Darpan