CBSE Class 10 India and the Contemporary Word-II

The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

 

  1. Who prepared the series of prints visualizing the dream of a world made up of democratic and social republics?
    A. Ernst Renan
    B. Frédéric Sorrieu
    C. Giuseppe Mazzini
    D. Otto von Bismarck
    Answer: B

  2. What did the broken chain in allegorical paintings symbolize?
    A. Unity
    B. Being freed
    C. Power
    D. Heroism
    Answer: B

  3. Which term refers to a vision of society so ideal that it is unlikely to exist in reality?
    A. Absolutist
    B. Utopian
    C. Romantic
    D. Nationalist
    Answer: B

  4. What did the French Revolutionaries declare as the mission of the French nation?
    A. To conquer Europe
    B. To liberate peoples of Europe from despotism
    C. To abolish monarchy
    D. To spread French culture
    Answer: B

  5. Which colors made up the revolutionary tricolor of France?
    A. Blue, white, red
    B. Red, green, white
    C. Yellow, red, blue
    D. Black, red, gold
    Answer: A

  6. What was abolished by the French Revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity?
    A. Feudal system
    B. Administrative divisions
    C. Internal customs duties and dues
    D. All of the above
    Answer: D

  7. Who was the French philosopher that outlined his understanding of a nation in the essay “What is a Nation?”
    A. Johann Gottfried Herder
    B. Ernst Renan
    C. Friedrich List
    D. Giuseppe Garibaldi
    Answer: B

  8. What did the Napoleonic Code of 1804 do?
    A. Granted universal suffrage
    B. Abolished privileges based on birth
    C. Restricted private property rights
    D. Allowed conscription into the army
    Answer: B

  9. What was the main objective of the Treaty of Vienna of 1815?
    A. To redraw European borders after Napoleon’s defeat
    B. To promote democracy across Europe
    C. To abolish monarchy
    D. To unite all German states
    Answer: A

  10. What is suffrage?
    A. Right to own property
    B. Right to vote
    C. Right to education
    D. Right to freedom
    Answer: B

  11. Which year saw the unification of Italy completed?
    A. 1859
    B. 1860
    C. 1861
    D. 1870
    Answer: D

  12. What was the main goal of the Zollverein?
    A. To establish trade restrictions
    B. To unify German economic territory
    C. To strengthen monarchical power
    D. To abolish serfdom
    Answer: B

  13. Who described Giuseppe Mazzini as “the most dangerous enemy of our social order”?
    A. Victor Emmanuel II
    B. Otto von Bismarck
    C. Duke Metternich
    D. Napoleon Bonaparte
    Answer: C

  14. What sparked the Greek War of Independence in 1821?
    A. Ottoman invasion
    B. Romantic nationalism
    C. Economic hardship
    D. Reforms by the Congress of Vienna
    Answer: B

  15. What does the term “Das Volk” mean in the context of German nationalism?
    A. The ruler
    B. The people
    C. The state
    D. The land
    Answer: B

  16. What was the role of the Grimm Brothers in German nationalism?
    A. Organizing uprisings
    B. Promoting economic unity
    C. Collecting and preserving German folklore
    D. Leading political movements
    Answer: C

  17. Which event in France is referred to as “When France sneezes, the rest of Europe catches cold”?
    A. Fall of Napoleon
    B. French Revolution
    C. July Revolution of 1830
    D. Reign of Terror
    Answer: C

  18. Who led the famous “Expedition of the Thousand” in Italy?
    A. Giuseppe Mazzini
    B. Count Camillo de Cavour
    C. Victor Emmanuel II
    D. Giuseppe Garibaldi
    Answer: D

  19. What symbolized German heroism in the allegory of Germania?
    A. The broken chain
    B. The oak crown
    C. The tricolor flag
    D. The sword
    Answer: B

  20. What was the significance of the Frankfurt Parliament of 1848?
    A. Drafting a constitution for a united Germany
    B. Establishing a democratic republic in Italy
    C. Abolishing monarchy across Europe
    D. Supporting the Greek independence movement
    Answer: A

  21. What does the term “plebiscite” mean?
    A. A type of monarchy
    B. A revolutionary movement
    C. A direct vote by the people
    D. A conservative law
    Answer: C

  22. Which empire was referred to as a “patchwork of regions and peoples”?
    A. The French Empire
    B. The Habsburg Empire
    C. The Ottoman Empire
    D. The British Empire
    Answer: B

  23. What does the allegorical figure “Marianne” represent?
    A. Liberty and the Republic of France
    B. Unity and peace in Germany
    C. The spirit of Romantic nationalism
    D. The Catholic Church
    Answer: A

  24. Who was the leader behind the unification of Germany?
    A. Friedrich Wilhelm IV
    B. Otto von Bismarck
    C. Duke Metternich
    D. Giuseppe Mazzini
    Answer: B

  25. Which treaty recognized Greece as an independent nation in 1832?
    A. Treaty of Vienna
    B. Treaty of Constantinople
    C. Treaty of Versailles
    D. Treaty of Frankfurt
    Answer: B

  26. What did the Congress of Vienna aim to restore after Napoleon’s defeat?
    A. Nation-states
    B. Conservative order
    C. Democratic governments
    D. Economic unions
    Answer: B

  27. What was the slogan associated with the French Revolution?
    A. Liberty, Equality, Fraternity
    B. Power, Prosperity, Peace
    C. Unity, Strength, Freedom
    D. Justice, Liberty, Security
    Answer: A

  28. What did Friedrich List emphasize in his economic theory for German unification?
    A. Abolition of private property
    B. A unified national economy
    C. Establishment of regional trade zones
    D. Preservation of aristocratic privileges
    Answer: B

  29. Who founded the secret society “Young Italy”?
    A. Otto von Bismarck
    B. Giuseppe Mazzini
    C. Giuseppe Garibaldi
    D. Victor Emmanuel II
    Answer: B

  30. What was the primary goal of Romanticism in nationalism?
    A. Industrial growth
    B. Revival of folklore and culture
    C. Expansion of military power
    D. Establishment of new monarchies
    Answer: B

  31. What is the significance of the oak crown in the allegory of Germania?
    A. Peace
    B. Heroism
    C. Unity
    D. Strength
    Answer: B

  32. What was the purpose of the Zollverein in 1834?
    A. Elimination of tariff barriers
    B. Expansion of agriculture
    C. Promotion of monarchy
    D. Creation of political unions
    Answer: A

  33. What inspired nationalist movements in the Balkans?
    A. Economic development
    B. Romantic nationalism and history
    C. Industrial revolution
    D. Agricultural reforms
    Answer: B

  34. What was the political ideology of the liberal nationalists in 19th-century Europe?
    A. Promotion of monarchy
    B. Establishment of democratic principles
    C. Strengthening religious authority
    D. Expansion of feudalism
    Answer: B

  35. What symbol did Marianne carry in French revolutionary art?
    A. Sword
    B. Olive branch
    C. Red cap of liberty
    D. Eagle
    Answer: C

  36. When was the Frankfurt Parliament convened?
    A. 1848
    B. 1815
    C. 1870
    D. 1861
    Answer: A

  37. What was the outcome of the July Revolution of 1830 in France?
    A. Establishment of a constitutional monarchy
    B. Expansion of French territories
    C. Formation of a republic
    D. Alliance with Britain
    Answer: A

  38. What was the major factor behind the unification of Italy?
    A. The leadership of Cavour and Garibaldi
    B. Support from the Habsburgs
    C. Military campaigns of France
    D. Economic reforms by Napoleon
    Answer: A

  39. Which region became part of unified Italy last?
    A. Venetia
    B. Rome
    C. Lombardy
    D. Sicily
    Answer: B

  40. What does the term “absolutist” refer to?
    A. A monarchy with no restrictions on power
    B. A democratic system of governance
    C. A socialist economic policy
    D. A federal form of government
    Answer: A

  41. What did the Civil Code of Napoleon ensure?
    A. Equality before the law
    B. Right to suffrage for all
    C. Freedom from taxes
    D. Expansion of religious institutions
    Answer: A

  42. Who led the Greek War of Independence?
    A. Giuseppe Garibaldi
    B. Lord Byron
    C. Otto von Bismarck
    D. Victor Emmanuel II
    Answer: B

  43. What did the Revolution of 1848 in France achieve?
    A. Formation of the Frankfurt Parliament
    B. Establishment of universal male suffrage
    C. Creation of the Zollverein
    D. Formation of the British Empire
    Answer: B

  44. What was the main focus of liberal nationalism?
    A. Strengthening dynasties
    B. Promoting individual freedom
    C. Establishing feudal systems
    D. Expanding military powers
    Answer: B

  45. What was the importance of folklore in nationalism?
    A. Symbol of cultural heritage
    B. Tool for military recruitment
    C. Economic development strategy
    D. Industrial promotion
    Answer: A

  46. What inspired the Grimm Brothers to collect folktales?
    A. To oppose French domination
    B. To preserve aristocratic traditions
    C. To create fictional narratives
    D. To support religious reforms
    Answer: A

  47. What symbolized liberty in French revolutionary art?
    A. Broken chains
    B. Tricolor flag
    C. Red cap
    D. Olive branch
    Answer: C

  48. Which treaty aimed to suppress nationalist movements in Europe?
    A. Treaty of Versailles
    B. Treaty of Vienna
    C. Treaty of Frankfurt
    D. Treaty of Constantinople
    Answer: B

  49. Who was the architect of German unification?
    A. Friedrich List
    B. Otto von Bismarck
    C. Ernst Renan
    D. Giuseppe Mazzini
    Answer: B

  50. What was the symbolic meaning of Germania’s sword in the allegory?
    A. Peace
    B. Readiness to fight
    C. Economic unity
    D. Religious authority
    Answer: B

    1. What was the primary goal of the Congress of Vienna?
      A. To restore the old conservative order
      B. To unite European countries
      C. To promote democratic governments
      D. To abolish aristocracy
      Answer: A

    2. Which political philosophy stressed the importance of tradition and gradual change?
      A. Conservatism
      B. Liberalism
      C. Socialism
      D. Romanticism
      Answer: A

    3. What did the Zollverein abolish in the German states?
      A. Serfdom
      B. Internal tariff barriers
      C. Monarchical privileges
      D. Voting restrictions
      Answer: B

    4. What did Giuseppe Mazzini advocate for?
      A. Preservation of monarchy
      B. Unification of Italy as a republic
      C. Expansion of French territories
      D. Creation of a single German empire
      Answer: B

    5. Who led the unification of northern Italy?
      A. Giuseppe Garibaldi
      B. Victor Emmanuel II
      C. Giuseppe Mazzini
      D. Count Camillo de Cavour
      Answer: D

    6. When was the German Empire proclaimed?
      A. 1848
      B. 1861
      C. 1870
      D. 1871
      Answer: D

    7. What did the black, red, and gold tricolor represent in Germany?
      A. Conservative ideals
      B. Liberal-nationalist movements
      C. Military dominance
      D. Religious unity
      Answer: B

    8. What was the result of the Silesian weavers’ uprising?
      A. Reforms in textile production
      B. Increased wages
      C. Repression by the army
      D. Abolition of serfdom
      Answer: C

    9. What does the term “nation-state” signify?
      A. A state governed by monarchs
      B. A state with a shared culture and history
      C. A region with multiple ethnic groups
      D. A unified empire
      Answer: B

    10. What caused the Balkan tensions in the 19th century?
      A. Religious conflicts
      B. Rivalries among European powers
      C. Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire
      D. Both B and C
      Answer: D

    11. What was the main demand of the Frankfurt Parliament?
      A. Creation of a united Germany
      B. Establishment of monarchial rule
      C. Abolition of religious practices
      D. Division of territories
      Answer: A

    12. What did Johann Gottfried Herder emphasize in nationalism?
      A. Promotion of industrialization
      B. Preservation of folk culture
      C. Expansion of military power
      D. Establishment of monarchies
      Answer: B

    13. What did the Treaty of Constantinople (1832) achieve?
      A. Abolition of slavery
      B. Recognition of Greece as an independent nation
      C. Unification of Italy
      D. Creation of a German empire
      Answer: B

    14. What was a primary feature of Romantic nationalism?
      A. Revival of folklore and cultural traditions
      B. Emphasis on scientific progress
      C. Expansion of economic zones
      D. Establishment of feudal systems
      Answer: A

    15. Who created the allegorical figure Germania?
      A. Ernst Renan
      B. Frédéric Sorrieu
      C. Philip Veit
      D. Otto von Bismarck
      Answer: C

    16. What role did Giuseppe Garibaldi play in Italian unification?
      A. He unified northern Italy
      B. He led the Expedition of the Thousand
      C. He signed the Treaty of Vienna
      D. He opposed Victor Emmanuel II
      Answer: B

    17. Which event inspired the formation of Jacobin clubs in Europe?
      A. Napoleonic wars
      B. French Revolution
      C. Industrial Revolution
      D. Congress of Vienna
      Answer: B

    18. What symbolized the “unity of the nation” in France?
      A. Tricolor flag
      B. Red cap of liberty
      C. Broken chains
      D. All of the above
      Answer: D

    19. When did the July Revolution in France take place?
      A. 1821
      B. 1830
      C. 1848
      D. 1871
      Answer: B

    20. What was the significance of Lord Byron in the Greek War of Independence?
      A. He funded the war
      B. He fought alongside the Greeks
      C. He composed poems in support
      D. All of the above
      Answer: D

    21. What was the Napoleonic Code also known as?
      A. Civil Code of 1804
      B. Treaty of Vienna
      C. French Constitution
      D. Liberal Charter
      Answer: A

    22. Who rejected the crown offered by the Frankfurt Parliament?
      A. Otto von Bismarck
      B. Friedrich Wilhelm IV
      C. Victor Emmanuel II
      D. Giuseppe Mazzini
      Answer: B

    23. What symbolized readiness to fight in Germania’s allegory?
      A. Sword
      B. Oak crown
      C. Broken chain
      D. Olive branch
      Answer: A

    24. What was the role of railways in German unification?
      A. They increased mobility and economic unity
      B. They strengthened military power
      C. They expanded aristocratic privileges
      D. They promoted regional separation
      Answer: A

    25. What was the reaction to French rule in conquered territories?
      A. Enthusiasm turned to hostility
      B. Complete acceptance
      C. Strengthening of feudal systems
      D. Mass migrations
      Answer: A

    26. What does “volksgeist” refer to?
      A. National spirit
      B. Liberal reforms
      C. Industrial growth
      D. Religious unity
      Answer: A

    27. Who symbolized the British nation in visual representations?
      A. Britannia
      B. Germania
      C. Marianne
      D. Victoria
      Answer: A

    28. What was the primary purpose of the Vienna Congress?
      A. To suppress liberal movements
      B. To promote nationalism
      C. To unify Europe under Napoleon
      D. To redraw the map of Europe
      Answer: D

    29. Who introduced the “Expedition of the Thousand”?
      A. Giuseppe Garibaldi
      B. Count Cavour
      C. Victor Emmanuel II
      D. Giuseppe Mazzini
      Answer: A

    30. What was the effect of the Zollverein on the German economy?
      A. Unified the economy
      B. Reduced currency variations
      C. Promoted free trade
      D. All of the above
      Answer: D

    31. What does “plebiscite” mean?
      A. A direct vote by the people
      B. A monarchial decree
      C. A national festival
      D. A military alliance
      Answer: A

    32. Which region became part of Italy in 1866?
      A. Rome
      B. Venetia
      C. Lombardy
      D. Sicily
      Answer: B

    33. What was the focus of Romanticism?
      A. Science and technology
      B. Emotions and cultural heritage
      C. Industrialization
      D. Political repression
      Answer: B

    34. Who was called the “most dangerous enemy of social order”?
      A. Giuseppe Mazzini
      B. Victor Emmanuel II
      C. Otto von Bismarck
      D. Napoleon Bonaparte
      Answer: A

    35. What was the “Tree of Liberty”?
      A. A symbol of French Revolution
      B. A part of Italian unification
      C. A figure in Greek mythology
      D. A concept from Romanticism
      Answer: A

    36. What inspired Polish nationalism?
      A. Language and folklore
      B. Military reforms
      C. Support from Austria
      D. Agricultural development
      Answer: A

    37. What symbolized peace in Germania’s allegory?
      A. Olive branch
      B. Sword
      C. Tricolor flag
      D. Broken chains
      Answer: A

    38. What was the significance of the Act of Union (1707)?
      A. Formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
      B. Unification of Italy
      C. Dissolution of the British monarchy
      D. End of the Napoleonic wars
      Answer: A

    39. Which empire ruled over the Balkans?
      A. Ottoman Empire
      B. Habsburg Empire
      C. Russian Empire
      D. British Empire
      Answer: A

    40. What was the main goal of Young Italy?
      A. Establishment of a unified republic in Italy
      B. Strengthening monarchy
      C. Economic reforms
      D. Expansion of religious influence
      Answer: A

    41. What did the red cap in French Revolution symbolize?
      A. Liberty
      B. Strength
      C. Unity
      D. Religion
      Answer: A

    42. What was the importance of the Frankfurt Parliament?
      A. Drafted the constitution for a united Germany
      B. Ended monarchy in France
      C. Supported industrial growth
      D. Opposed liberal movements
      Answer: A

    43. Who unified southern Italy?
      A. Giuseppe Garibaldi
      B. Victor Emmanuel II
      C. Count Cavour
      D. Giuseppe Mazzini
      Answer: A

    44. What does “Das Volk” emphasize?
      A. Military unity
      B. The spirit of the people
      C. Economic reforms
      D. Religious dominance
      Answer: B

    45. What did the Congress of Vienna restore?
      A. Conservative monarchies
      B. Liberal reforms
      C. Democratic governments
      D. Regional trade unions
      Answer: A

    46. Who led Italy’s unification efforts in the 19th century?
      A. Giuseppe Mazzini
      B. Giuseppe Garibaldi
      C. Count Camillo de Cavour
      D. All of the above
      Answer: D

    47. What was a key focus of the French Revolutionaries?
      A. Collective identity among citizens
      B. Establishing feudal privileges
      C. Suppressing liberal ideas
      D. Supporting monarchs
      Answer: A

    48. Which revolution marked the end of autocracy in France?
      A. July Revolution of 1830
      B. French Revolution of 1789
      C. Industrial Revolution
      D. Napoleonic Wars
      Answer: B

    49. Who was responsible for uniting Germany?
      A. Otto von Bismarck
      B. Friedrich Wilhelm IV
      C. Victor Emmanuel II
      D. Napoleon Bonaparte
      Answer: A

    50. What was the final result of Balkan tensions in the 19th century?
      A. Outbreak of World War I
      B. Formation of a unified Balkan state
      C. Expansion of Ottoman territories
      D. Establishment of democracy
      Answer: A

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